Tobacco-packing machine



(No Model.) 0. C. OLAWSON. 6SheetsSheet 1.

Tobacco Packing Machine.

No. 240,968, Patented May 3,1881.

WITNESSES.

6.6l41 La/5wm N PETERS, Phcto-Lilhogmpher, Washington. D c.

(No ModeL) GSlieets-Sheet 3. O. O. GLAWSON'. Tobacco Packing Machine.

No. 240,968. Patented May 3,1881.

FIG.4

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wlmsssss i INVENTOR. ltmbcw Z 4x4; 01% W 1!. $44.;

N. PETERS, PhnlwLilhographar, Washington, D c

(No Model.) G O O L A W S O N 6 Sneets-Sheat 4.

Tobacco Packing Machine.

No. 240,968. Patented May 3,1881.

FIG-7.

WITNESSES. \NVENTOR. 6 11La/ 6on/ I wm w. flung. Mow/ (No Model.) 6Sheets-Sheet 5.

'G. C. OLAWSON.

Tobacco Packing Machine.

Nb-.-240,96s. Patented May 3, I881.

WITNESSES. INVENTOR.

6.6JVbtl/b5m1/ N. PETERS, PholwLikhogrupher, Washington, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLEMENT (J. CLA\VSON, OF RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA.

TOBACCO-PACKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 240,968, dated May 3,1881,

Application filed Januarylfi, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CLEMENT O. OLAwsoN, ofRaleigh, in the county of Wake and State of North Carolina, haveinvented anew and useful Improvement in Machines for Packing Tobacco andother Materials, which improvement is fully described in the followingspecification.

This invention relates to apparatus by which tobacco or other suitablematerial or article is accurately gaged, weighed, or measured and packedinto bags or other suitable packingenvelope, and is more particularlyintended as an improvement on the machine invented by me and patentedJanuary 1. 1878, No. 198,793, reissued April 27, 1880, No.9,172. In saidpatented machine the operations are continuous, the plunger and formsbeing carried by the table in which the molds are placed, andreciprocated' by stationary cams. The bags are placed upon bag-holders,and the hollow forms in turn automatically descend and carry them intothe molds, to be subsequently filled and packed and delivered to a sidetable. In the improved machine the same general system of operations isretained, the object of the improvement being to lighten the labor ofthe attendants or to enlarge their capacity, to obtain increasedaccuracy in the gaging of the amount of material in each package, and,generally, to secure the more efficient action of the machine itself andits several parts. The bag-holders, instead of being located on the maintable, as before, are placed upon a separate table. This being revolvedat a comparatively low speed, the workman is enabled to place the bagsin position much more easily, rapidly, and perfectly than wouldotherwise be possible. To facilitate the placing of the bags, and toadapt them to use in connection with the forms carried by the maintable, the bag-holders or tongs, as they are called, are of specialconstruction. They areall substantially alike, and in general consisteach of a pair of holdingblades, retained in their normal position bysprings, and so connected with the tong-table that while the hollow formis passing between them and is removing the bag held open 011 saidblades they adjust themselves to the changing position of the formwithout undue strain on the bag, and after the latter is removed arereleased and return to their normal position. The measuring or gaging ofthe quantity of the article to be compressed in each package is shown inmy aforesaid patent as accomplished by the form itself. By thisimprovement it is effected independently of the size of the form byapparatus which determines the quantity of each charge and empties itinto a hopper or chute, to be delivered into the bag placed on the lowerend of the form. With tobacco, the packing of which is more particularlythe object of the present invention, it is, as I have found, verydifficult or impossible to regulate the charges satisfactorily by bulk.This is owing to the nature of the material, andalso to the very smallvariations allowed in packages by the revenue laws. By weighing eachseparate charge the uniform character of the packages can be insured.With some materials, or with tobacco when so great a degree ofuniformity in the packages is not required, the charges may be measured.

Heretotore automatic measuring apparatus has been combined with theelements of a packing-machine of the ordinary construction operatingintermittently; and it has also been proposed to employ an automaticweighingand dumping scale to regulate the charges in the same class ofmachines.

The present invention comprises the combination, with the parts of acontinuouslyoperating machine, having the forms and plungcrs movablewith the mold-table, of gaging apparatus for regulating the chargesdelivered to said forms, and specially of apparatus for regulating saidcharges by weight.

It further comprises particular combinations, as hereinafter specified,of gaging apparatus and of automatic weighing-scales with the elementsof tucking-machines ofordinary or suitable construction, whethercontinuous or intermittent in operation, and also of the various partsof the weighing-scales with each other and with co-operating devices inthe machine. The tobacco or other material to be weighed is deliveredfrom a supply receptacle or hop per through an opening provided with agate or valve.

In order to secure the certain, prompt, and uniform stoppage of thesupply at the proper time, motion is communicated to the gate to closethe same by power mechanism, which is brought into action by thedepression of the scale-pan, and the device by which said action isdetermined is itself moved positively by direct connection with theweighinglever supporting the scale-pan. The opening of the gate iseffected periodically, and so, also, is the emptying of the chargeweighed. The dumping or tilting of the scale-pan by devices which do notinterfere with the accurate weighing of the scales is the means adoptedfor this last purpose.

In combining weighing-scales or gaging apparatus generally with machinesemploying a. series ofsimilar packing devices, it is preferable to use anumber of scales or gaging apparatus which successively receive anddeliver their charges. This is important particularly withweighing-scales, as it allows the time necessary toinsure efficientoperation of the several parts. The gaging apparatus is made to revolvewith the mold-table. \Vith the weighing-scales a rotary su pply-receptacle or hopper is employed, so that the delivery opening oropenings are always over the scale-pans. This hopper is annular andV-shaped in cross-seetion, and with it are combined stationary stirrersprovided with brushes at their lower ends. The latter keep the deliveryopening from becoming clogged. The use of stationary stirrers with therevolving hopper is found to agitate and keep loose the mass of materialmuch better than when the hopper or receptacle is stationary and thestirrcrs revolve.

It may sometimes happen that on account of a defect or break in the bag,or for other reason, it is desirable for the charge not to pass into thebag, as it would then fill the mold and have to be removed before theoperation of the machine could proceed. To obviate this difficulty avalve is arranged in the chute, so that by turning it in the properposition a charge may be delivered outside the machine onto the floor orinto a receptacle placed to receive it. After a bag has been packed thestring has to be tied by hand. In order that this may be done with theleast difficulty each package is automatically received in a pocket in asuitable position. The pockets are formed by recesses in a revolvingtable, and the latter is so constructed and arranged that the bags areall carried to a determined part of the periphcry, and there droppedinto a receptacle, if it be so desired.

The means used for attaching the forms to the sliding rods, theshaft-connections for operating the tong-table and receiving-table, andparticular constructions and combinations of parts as well in themachine generally as in different portions thereof, also form part ofthe present invention, and will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

That the invention and the manner of carry ing the same into effect maybe more fully understood, a machine embodying said iny'ention will nowbe described in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form apart of this specification, and in which the same letters of referenceindicate like parts wherever they occur in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine; Fig. l, a plan view, partly insection, drawn on a larger scale, and showing portions only of eachtable; Figs. 2 and 3, views in a vertical section, and Fig. i aperspective view of the same. In Figs. 2 and 3 the sections are taken,respectively, on lines a- .t' and y 9 Fig. 1, the right-hand side ofthemachine in both views being supposed to be moved forward to bring thecenter of the form over the section-line. This line is not in eitherview a straight line, but is turned aside in both in order to show moreclearly the operation of the machine. Fig. 5 is a perspective view ofthe means used for delivering the packages to the receiving-table; Fig.6, a similar view of a bag-holder or pair of spring-tongs, and Fig. 6 aplan of the same, showing the supporting-plate swung to one side and thebase-plate drawn out from the center of the table. Fig. 7 is aperspective view of the cams under the main or mold table for operatingthe sliding rods. Figs. 8 and U are views, in sectional elevation andplan, respectively, oi" the weighing apparatus, and Figs. 10 and 11detail views, in sectional elevation and plan, illustrating the mannerof attaching the forms to their rods. Fig. 12 is a horizontal section,illustrating the means for supporting the chute and for operating thevalve therein.

A is the bed-plate of the machine; 13, the main or mold table; 0, thetong-table, and 1) the receivingtable. Upon the bed-plate are fixed thecams a 7) c, the shape of which is clearly shown in Fig. 7. Uponstandards I, supported by the bed-plate, the cam (Z is fastened bysuitable braces.

In the main table are openings through which pass the guides E. Theseare securely fastened to the table B by means of flanges c and bolts,and are slotted at the lower end for the passage of the cams a b c. Theguides E are all alike, and in their interior slide rods F G H.

To each of the rods F a plunger, f, and to each of those marked G- ahollow form, g, is attached. The plungers are formed of plain bars ofuniform cross-section. They are fastened in any ordinary or suitable wayto brackets j, which are preferably made in one piece with theplunger-rods F. The forms consist of hollow tubes of the same sidesinternally as the plungers are externally, and flared or provided withhopper-shaped openings at the top. They are each detachably secured tothe rods G (see Figs. 10 and 11) by means of the brackets g, fixed tosaid forms and fitting in a dovetail groove in the form-rod G, the plateg, which extends over the top of the bracket, and holding-screw g, whichpasses through a hole in the plate 9' and screws into the form-rod.

Under each of the plungers and hollowforms is a pocket or mold, thebottom of which is formed by the top of one of the rods ll, and thesides by the side walls of the guide E and the webs 0 0 The inner wallformed by web 0 is slotted at the top for the passage of bracket 9,which is not so wide as the pocket. The

pockets, which serve as molds, correspond in general shape and size withthe exterior of the forms, being enough larger to receive the latterwhen bags are placed over their lower ends. The rods G H are raised andallowed to drop at the proper times by the cams b 0 respectively. Theplunger-rod F is acted upon below by cam a and above by the cam d. Stoutrollers are introduced, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2, to lessen thefriction between the rods and the cams.

The main table is supported in the center by the spindle B, stepped atthe lower end and turning in a sleeve or bearing in the upper part ofthe pedestal A fixed to the bed-plate, the flange of the spindle bywhich it is fastened to the under side of the main table resting uponthe top of the pedestal. Around the periphery of the table B, andattached to or made in one piece with it, is a circular rack, 13 withwhich the teeth of the wheels K K K engage. The table is also providedwith a smooth track or flange, B which rests and travels on a smoothportion, Ir, of the periphery of the wheels K K K These wheels aresupported by shafts journaled in hearings in brackets fixed to thebed-plate. The shaft of K is provided with pulleys to receive a belt bywhich motion is communicated to the main table by the engagement of theteeth of wheel K with those of the rack B Motion is communicated fromthe mold-table, through the wheels K K and their respective shafts, tothetong-table and receivingtable, so that they revolve at. a lower speedthan the main or mold table. As shown, the relative number ofrevolutions is six to one.

The manner of supporting and co mmun icating motion is similar for thetwo tables. Upon the under side of each is fixed a hollow casting, L, tothe lower part of which the gear l is attached, and this rests upon theupright casting L attached to the bed-plate. These two castingsconstitute the pedestal for the table. A central spindle, L passesthrough both castings, and also through the table. it is stepped at thelower end, and has a bearing in the upper part of the casting L. It titsaccurately the opening at the bottom of casting L, and is connected withthe table, so that it revolves therewith. The connection is made bymeans of a split cone, l, that is forced by the nut l into the taperedopening in the hub 1*. The gear l is engaged by the endless screw k onthe shaft of the bevel-gear K or K By the constructions indicated thetables are very solidly supported and exactly centered. The wear of thescrew and gear l can moreover be taken up, as required, by loosening thenut Z turning the table a suitable distance, and again tightening thenut.

The tongs or bag-holders M are arranged radially at the circumference ofthe table 0, with the blades for holding the bags projecting beyond. Thepaths of these blades, and of the forms intersect, as shown in Fig. 1,and

the number and disposition of the tongs correspond with those of theguides carried by the main table and with the relative speed of rotationof the two tables, or, in other words, with the relative times which thetables take to complete a revolution on their axes, so that as each formpasses a pair of tongs is brought under it in position to allow the formin its descent to enter the bag'held open on the blades.

The construction of the tongs is best shown in Fig. 6. The blades M areattached at the outer ends of the arms on m, independently jointed tothe supporting or carrying plate m and pressed apart by a flat spring. mtheir outward movement being limited by stops formed by lugs in thesupporting or carrying plate m One of these lugs is shown at m. Thesupporting-plate is connected at m by a swivel-joint, with thebase-plate m, and this with the tong-table by a screw, m passing througha slot in the neck m of said baseplate. The spring on is attached to anupright post fastened to the swiveled supportin gplate. The arm at ispivoted to said plate, and the arm in, slotted as shown, is connectedwith the same by a pin, in", iixed to the supporting plate and passingthrough the slot in the arm in. Against this pin the arm is held by aspiral-spring, m A spiral spring, at, connected at one end with the pinin and at the other with the post m on the tong-table, retains thesupporting or carrying plate normally in the position shown. The pin 022projecting upward from the base-plate acts as a stop to limit the rightand left motion of the sup hurting-plate m on the swivel-joint m bycontact with two lugs on the inner ends of the supporting or carryingplate. One of these lugs is shown at in. The spring in holds thebase-plate against the screw m and also against astop, m on the table.

From the connections described the blades M are capable of the followingmovements: They can be pressed together to place the mouth of a bag overthem, and when released the spring in will press them apart, so as tohold the bag extended, as shown in Fig. 6; they can be turned to theright on the screw m and can be drawn outward, extending the spring m,-they can be turned to the right and left on an axis at m and theleft-hand blade, attached to arm in, can be drawn out independently ot'the other. In other words, although carried by the tong-table, they canpractically, for a short distance, follow and conform to the movementofthe forms which are carried by the main or mold table. Instead of usinga pin-and-slot connection, as shown, the lefthand arm on was at firstpivoted like the other; but while this will be found generally to answer, its operation is not so perfect under all circumstances. Theobject of making the right-hand arm extensible is to prevent tearing thebags should, for any reason, the form he a little slow in removing themfrom the blades. The left-hand blades, or rather the arms in,

extend above the others, so that the forms, which are lifted by theircams high enough to clear the righthand blades or arms at, come intocontact with them. These (left hand) arms m are each inclined at thetop, to act as a guide to bring the bag more certainly under the form,and both arms, it will be seen, are shouldered on the inside to give abearing to the front of the form.

The receiving-table D is provided on its periphery with a series ofrecesses, d. Under-it (see Fig. 3) is a stationary platform, I), of

practically the same radius, supported by braces d from the bed-plate;and to this platform is attached, at the outer edge, an upright band, Dwhiclrextends almost around the periphery of the revolving table D, asshown in Fig. 1, thus closing the front of the recesses d behind it. Theupper surface of the platform forms a bottom to the recesses, except atd', where a portion of the platform is cut away, as shown in dottedlines, Fig. 1.

On the under side of the platform, at the point nearest the main table,is placed a slide, D of the shape shown in Fig. 5, the projections (1moving in slotted bearings. The object of the slide is to deliver thepackages from the main or mold table into therecesses in thereceiving-table. At is outer end is a vertical plate, D and at its innerend it is attached to the end of a lever, D by means of an adjustableconnection formed by a rod, (F, and screw and nut at the extremitythereof. This lever is pivoted to an upright arm attached to the bracketin which the shaft of the wheel K has bearin Its upper part is slightlyelastic. A spring, D, bearing at one end against a depending projection,d, from the platform, and at the other against the said upper part,tends to move the leverin one direction. A cam, 7.

' on the wheel K moves it in the o lOSllLG direction. At each revolutionof the wheel K the delivery slide and plate are moved outward into theposition shown in Fig. 3 by the cam, and then, being released, are drawnsharply back by the spring. The spring can, if desired, be made tosurround the rod (25, which would then pass througha hole in a suitabledepending projection.

N is the chute for conveying the tobacco to the bags placed on theforms. It does not revolve, but is supported by a bracket, T, Figs. 4and 12, which is hinged to one of the posts or standards I. It is largeat the top and contracted toward the bottom, where it is provided withloose shoe a, which rests by its own weight on the surface of the mainor mold table. The mouth of the chute is somewhat narrower and longerthan the top of the form. The shoe has a cam, T, at the forward end,(left hand in the drawings, Fig. 4.) In case a form, should, for anyreason, not descend so that its top is flush with the top of the maintable, the projecting portion will strike the cam T and push outward thechute to the edge of the main table. A vertical torsion-sprin g,

T", at the hinge of the bracket restores the chute after the obstructionhas passed.

N is a valve, which is hinged at or near its lower edge to the chute. Inits normal position it forms a part of the front of the chute, in whicha rectangular opening is made to receive it. Stops a prevent the outwardmovement of the valve, and a small friction-catch that can be overcomeby a moderate force is or may be used to hold it against the stops,which is the normal position. By moving the top inward the valve fallsacross the interior of the chute, and rests against the opposite side inan inclined position. Any material introduced into the chute at thistime will therefore be kept from descending to its lower end and bedelivered through the opening in the front. A charge placed in the upperpart of the chute will pass through the bottom into a form, or outsideonto the tioor, according to the position of the valve. The handle T formoving the valve is placed in easy reach of the person employed to placethe bags on the tongs. The valve is also automatically turned inwardwhen the chute is pressed out-ward by means of acord, a passing over apulley, a, and suitably connected with handle T and with the hook it onthe standard I or other suitable fixed partof the machine. A screw-stop,it, holds the chute in position against the action of the spring T Theobject is to deliver the next succeeding charge onto the floor. Thevalve is restored by hand.

I is the hopper or receptacle for supplying the tobacco to theweighing-pans Q, which, in turn, dump the charges into the chute N. Thishopper is annular and V-shaped in cross-seetions. it is supported uponthe top of the guides E and is movable with them.

Stationary stirrers 0,provided with brushes 0 at. their lower ends, aresupported in the hopper by the frame 0, fastened to the top of righting,and is itself supported at one end of the weighing-lever It. This leverhas its fulcrum at r, and is provided with adjustable weights 1*. In thebottom of the hopper, over each scale-pan, is a discharge-opening,having a sliding gate, S. This gate is operatedin one direction touncover the discharge-opening by means of a lever, s, fulcrumed in abracket on the side of the hopper, and a stationary cam, 0 Figs. 1,4,and 8, on the frame 0, and in the other direction by a rod, 8, movablewith the hopper, to which rod a constant reeiprocatin g IIO movement isimparted from an eccentric, t, Fig. 9, on the lower end of the shaft 15.

A frame, P, is bolted to the inner wall of the hopper, and the shaft 15has abearing in the center of it as well as in the frame 0. Motion isimparted to this shaft by means of a horizontal shaft, t, bevel-gears tand a belt pulley, t, on shaft 25. Thcrods sslidein brackets attached tothe under side of the frame P, and at their inner ends are jointed toconnecting-rods, the heads of which encircle the cocentric t Each of thegates is provided with an arm, 8 also sliding in a bracket on the underside of frame P, and having at the inner end a link, This link isconnected with the weighing-lever It by a rod pivoted both to the linkand to the lever. Normally the inner end of the link is below the outerend of the corresponding rod 8. When, however, lever t is tilted by theweight in the pan Q the link is brought in line with the end of the rod,and the latterfbeing reciprocated by the eccentric t shoves outward thearm 8 and shuts the gate. The lower end of lever s is normally forcedoutward by the springs 8 so that it does not interfere at all with theaction just explained. When the upper end of the lever s strikes the cam0 the spring is compressed and the arm 8 is forced inward, opening thegate to which it is attached. The dumping of the pan by turning it uponits pivot q is effected by means of the cranked lever a, pivoted at a toa bracket depending from the hopper P. A sliding rod, 21 withanti-friction rollers at each end, is struck in passing by a stationarycam, W, (shown best in Fig. 4,) on the under side of frame 0, and forcesdown the outer horizontal arm of lever 'u. A spring, a returns it whenreleased by the cam. The vertical arm a is provided with a rod arrangedto strike, when moved inward, a projection, from the bottom of pan Q.The vertical and horizontal arms of lever to are not in the same plane;but the horizontal arm is arranged to one side, as shown in Fig. 9, soas to be as much as possible out of the way.

It will be seen that all the movements of the gate in opening andclosing are positive and are effected directly by the power which drivesthe machine. The weight in the pan simply sets the apparatus for closingat the proper time. This setting being effected directly through a plainrod, certainty of action and nonliability to get out of order aresecured.

The operation of the machine is as follows: A sufficient supply oftobacco being placed in the hopper, motion is imparted to the machine bya belt from a suitably-disposed power-shaft to one of thedriving-pulleys, so that the main or mold table revolves from left torightthat is, opposite to the hands of a watch. The tongtable and thereceiving-table rotate from right to left. Motion is communicated, by aseparate small belt, to the pulley t on shaft t. Bags are placed on thetongs or bag-holders as may be required. As the same operation takesplace in succession with each of the guides and scales, the descriptionwill be principally confined to one. As the table revolves the upper endof the lever s strikes the cam 0 Figs. 1, 4, and 8, and the gate S isopened, so that the tobacco begins to run out slowlyinto the pan Q. Asthe hopper revolves, the mass of tobacco is prevented from choking bythe stationary stirrers, and the delivery-opening is kept clear by thebrushes at the end of said stirrers. When the pan has received itscharge of tobacco it turns its lever R and raises the link (see Figs. 3,and S) in line with rod 8, so that on the forward motion of the latterthe gate is closed and the delivery of tobacco stopped. Thereciprocation of the rods 8 is sufficiently rapid to effect this withuniformity, so that the weighings are always the same. Inasmuch as thegate may be closed at any point of the revolution of the main table, itis evident that the slowness or rapidity of working will not affect theaccuracy or certainty of the weighing, provided only that sufficienttime is given for the pan to fill and tilt its lever. The charge weighedby any pan is packed by means of the succeeding form, mold, and plunger.As each guide E comes opposite the tong-table the form F descends andenters between the holding-blades M of the tongs over the mold in themain table and removes the bag held on the blades, carrying it into themold below. The relative position ofthe formrod, plunger-rod, anddischarger at this time is shown at the right in Fig. 2. In removing thebag the form-rod descends the incline 2 on the cam 1). (Shown in Fig.7.)

While the bag is on the holding-blades the latter adapt themselvesperfectly to the position of the form. \Vhen it is removed theformpasses out between the ends of the blades and the springs return them totheir normal position. Should the form, for any reason, he a little slowin removing the bag theleft-hand blade is drawn out, and all danger fromthis source of tearing the bag is removed. The form-rod next descendsthe incline z, and the form, becoming flush with the top of the table,passes under the chute N. Meantime the scale, with its pan previouslyfilled with tobacco, being carried around with the main or mold table,the rod it strikes the cam WV and the pan is turned on its pivot q anddeposits its charge in the upper part of the chute. The scale-panpassing on, the gate in the hopper is again opened by the cam 0 Thecharge in the chute rests upon the upper part of the main table untilthe form passes under the chute, when it passes through the form intothe bag previously taken from the holder or tongs.

The turning of the pan for emptying takes place slightly before thechute is reached, the momentum sufficing to carry it into the chute.Immediately after the guide E passes the chute the plunger-rod isreleased by its cam, and descends by its weight, partially packing thetobacco. It then passes under the cam d, which completes the packing.Just before the plunger is released from the cam 01 the form is elevatedby the rise 2 in the cam b, leaving the tobacco within the bag andbetween the bottom of the plunger f and the top of the discharger or rodH. All three rods, F G H, then rise together until the bottom of thepackage is even with or slightly above the top of the platform D, Fig.3. At this time the delivering-plate D has been pushed outward by thecam k on wheel K and one of the recesses in thereceiving-tableisopposite said plate. When the package is carried inside of the plate thelever D is released by its cam, and the spring 1) coming into actioncarries the package into the adjacent recess. The discharger thendescends, and a new bag is taken by the form, and the operation proceedsas before, the delivery of the tobacco to the scale-pan beingautomatically cut off. The bags or packages in the recesses of th ereceivingtable are carried around with the latter, and are successivelytied by the attendant. hen the point (7 Fig. 1, is reached, where theouter part of the platform is cut away, they drop into a basket orreceptacle placed to receive them.

The measuring apparatus which I have devised comprises a revolvingmeasuring-wheel having a series of pockets with adjustable ends, whichare all connected so that all are adjusted simultaneously and to anequal extent. The pockets successively receive their charge from astationaryhopper and deliver it to the chute. This measuring apparatusis fully described in another application, of which it forms thesubject-matter. It is not specifically claimed here in; but as certaincombinations are claimed which include, in connection with otherelements, gaging apparatus, broadly-that is, apparatus for gaging orregulating the quantity of material for each charge or package, whetherby weight or by bulk-it is deemed best to indicate the generalconstruction of a measurer adapted to use in the improved machine. Whereweighing-scales, in contradistinction to measuring devices, areintended, that term is used or suitable defining words are added.

It is obvious that modifications may be made in the machine withoutdeparting from the spirit of thisinvention, and that portions of theinvention can be used without the others.

Automatic weighing-scales such as indicated can, for example, be'arranged to weigh charges and deliver them to devices of ordinary orsuitable construction, which pack or compress the material by means ofmolds and plungers, whether or not forms beused in connection with thesaid molds and plungers. Devices of this character are intended by theterm packing devices.

The main table could be provided with only one form, mold, and plungerinstead of four, as shown, or any desired number could be used, thenumber and disposition of the bag-holders or spring-ton gs andweighing-scales being suitably changed.

\Nhen a series of weighing-scales (two or more) are employed a separatesupply-receptacle could be used for each but a single receptacle with aseries of delivery-openings, such as the annular V-shaped hopper, ismore advantageous.

- Havingnow described my said invention and the mannerin which the sameis or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a table and one or more forms carried by it, ofa separate table and bag-holders located thereon and operating inconnection with said forms, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a revolving table and one or more reciprocatingforms carried by it, of a second table with bag-holders located thereonand gearing for revolving said last-named table at the proper speedrelative to the first, substantially as described.

3. A bag-holder comprising a pair of arms and blades attached thereto,in combination with means, substantially as described, for holding saidarms and blades in position, so that they are movable from side to sideand in a direction approximately lengthwise of said arms, as set forth.

4. Thecombination, with aswiveled supporting-plate, of a pair of armsjointed to said plate, one arm by a slot-and-pin connection, a springfor holding in position said last-named arm, and a spring for pressingthe arms apart substantially as described.

5. A bag-holder or s jiring-tongs for holding a bag extended, comprisinga slotted baseplate, a holding-pin working in the slot, asupporting-plate swiveled to the base-plate, holdin g-blades carried byarlnsjointcd to said supporting-plate, and springs and stops,substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a table, of a series ot'bag-holders, comprisingeach a pair of blades and arms, a swiveled supporting-plate, abaseplate, and means, as indicated, for connecting the base-plate withthe table and holding the parts in position, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a table revolved by gearing and supported upona pedestal composed of two parts, one stationary and the other attachedto said table, of a central shaft supported so as to turn freely, andconnected with said table by an adjustable connection, substantially asindicated.

8. The combination of the table, two-part pedestal, gear, and centralshaft with the split cone and nut connecting said table with said shaft,as described.

9. The combination, with a table provided with molds or recesses, meansfor revolving said table, forms and plungers carried by said table, andsliding rods and cams for operating said plungers, of gaging apparatusfor regulating the charges to be delivered into said forms,substantially as described.

10. The combination, with a table, packing devices carried thereby, andmeans for revolviug it, of a stationary chute and gaging apparatuscarried by and movable with said table for supplying the charges to thepacking devices through said chute, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with a weighing-scale and supply-receptacle havinga delivery-opening, of a gate for said opening, power-driven mechanismfor closing by positive movement the said gate, and devices, asindicated, for antomatically bringing said mechanism into action by theweight of material in said scale, substantially as described.

12. A weighing-scale and means for supplying material thereto, incombination with power-driven mechanism and devices connected with theweighingscaletor-bringing said mechanism into action, said parts beingarranged, substantially as described, so that the powerdriven mechanismis brought into action automatically by the weight of material in thescale, and acts to stop the supply positively and directly withouttransmission of strain through the weighing-scale, as set forth.

13. The combination, with packing devices, of one or more automaticweighing-scales, positively-acting mechanism for emptying said scales,and means for delivering the charges to the packing devices,substantially as described.

14. In a paekingmachine of otherwise ordinary or suitable construction,the combination of one or more forms, molds, and plungers and mechanismfor advancing the forms and molds and operating the plungers with one ormore automatic weighing-scales, devices for emptying the scales, andmeans for delivering the charges into said forms, said devices beingconnected with the aforesaid mechanism so as to empty the scales at theproper times, as set forth.

15. The combination, with a table, molds, and forms carried by saidtable, and means for revolving it, of automatic apparatus for weighingthe material for each package, a cam and connections for discharging theweighed material, and means for delivering said material into the forms,substantially as described.

16. The combination, with a scale-pan and gate controlling the deliverythereto and lever connected with said pan, of mechanism driven by powerindependent of the weight in the scale-pan, andapivoted link or similardevice connected directly with said lever, and determining by itsposition the closing of the gate by the aid of said nu-chanism,substantially as described.

17. The combination, with a weighing-scale, supply-receptacle, and gate,of a cam and coir nections for opening said gate periodically, andmechanism for automatically closing the same when the scale has receivedits charge, said gate being operatedin both directions by force otherthan that due to the weight of the charges, and applied directly withouttransmission through the scale, substantially as described.

18. The combination, with a weighing-scale, supply-receptacle, and gate,of a cam and connectionst'or acting directly on said gate to open thesame, power-driven mechanism for acting on said gate directly andpositively to close the same, devices for automatically bringing saidmechanism into action by the weight of material in the scale, and a camand connections for emptying the scale, substantially as described.

19. The combination, with a common chute, of a series of automaticweighing-scales, and means, as indicated, for causing said scales tosuccessively deliver their charges into said chute, as specified.

20. The combination, with aseries of weighing-scales, ot' a cam,intermediate connections, and operating means, whereby said scales aresuccessively emptied, as set forth.

21. The combination, with a receptacle or receptacles having a number ofdelivery-openings and gates or valves, of automatic weighing-scalessupplied from said receptacle or re ceptacles, and a cam and connectionsfor successively opening said gates, substantially as described.

22. The combination, with a supply-receptacle, a gate therefor, andmeans for revolving said receptacle, ot'a weighing-scale, and automaticdevices, as indicated, for opening and closing said gate, substantiallyas described.

23. The combination, with one ormore weighing-scales, and a hopper orsupply-rcceptacle, of means for supporting and revolving said scales andhopper, substantially as described.

24. An annular V-shaped hopper having a series ofdelivery-openings, incombination with gates for said openings, and weighing-scales suppliedfrom saidhopper,substantially as de scribed.

25. Theeombination ot'an annularV-shaped hopper having delivery-o)enings, and means for revolving the said hopper, of automaticweighing-scales revolving with the latter, substantially as described.

26. The combination, with an annular V- shaped hopper having one or moredelivery openings or ontlets,ot means for revolving said hopper,stationary stirrers, and one or more \veighing-scalessupplied from saidhopper, substantially as described.

27. The combination, with an annular V- shaped hopper havingdelivery-openings, of gates for said openings, substantially as de'scribed.

28. The combination, with a supply-receptacle, a gate therefor, andmeans for revolving said receptacle,ot' a weighing-scale,a cam andconnections for opening said gate, and powerdriven mechanism, and means,as indicated, for setting the said mechanism into action to close thegate by means of the weight in the scale, substantially as described.

29. The combination, with an annular V- shaped hopper havinga series ofdelivery openings or outlets, gates for said openings oroutlets, andmeans for revolving said hopper, of

a series of weighing-scales revolving with the hopper, a cam andconnections for successively opening said gates, and automatic devicesfor closing said gates when the scales have received their charges,substantially as described.

30. The combination, with a supply-receptacle and means for revolvingthe same, of gaging apparatus revolving with said receptacle,substantially as described.

31. The combination, with a table provided with molds or recesses, andcarrying a series of guides in which are slidingrods operated by camsand forms and plunger-s attached to said rods, of a series of automaticweighing-scales emptyingintoa common chute, from which said formsreceive successively their charges to be packed by said plunger-s, asset forth.

32. The combination, with a gate or valve, of a rod disconnected fromsaid gate or valve and means for reciprocating it, and a pivoted linkadapted to be brought in line with said rod, so that motion iscommunicated from it to the gate or valve through the link, asdescribed.

33. The combination, with a gate or valve, a rod disconnected from saidgate or valve, and means for reciprocating it, and a pivoted link, of ascale-pan the delivery to which is controlled by said gate or valve, anda weighin g-lever connected directly with said link, substantially asdescribed.

34.. The combination, with a series of weighing-levers, scale-pans, andvalves or gates for controlling the delivery to said pans, of a seriesof rods arranged around and reciprocatcd by a common shaft, and pivotedlinks connected severally with the Weighing levers and adapted tooperate inconnection with said reciprocatin g rods, as described.

35. The combination, with a series of \vcighing-levers, scale-pans, andgates for controlling the delivery to said pans, of a series of levers,and a common cam for operating said levers successively to open thegates or valves, and a series of rods, means for reciprocating the same,andlinks connected with the weighing-levers for closing the gates, wheneach pan turns its lever, substantially as described.

36. The combination, with a hopper or supply receptacle, and a scale-pansupported on pivots and connterpoised, ot' a cam and connections fortilting the pan to empty it, substantially as specified.

37. An automatic weighing and delivery scale, comprising, incombination, a pivoted and counterpoised scale-pan, a weighing-lever, adelivery valve or gate, acam and connections for opening said gate, a.reciprocating rod and link con nected with the weighing-lever forclosing the gate, and adum 'iing-valve and connections for emptying thescale-pan, substantially as described.

The combination, with a revolving table carrying packing devices, ahopper orsupplyreceptacle with openings having gates or val ves,weighing-scales, automatic cut-oit'rods, gate-opening and scale-emptyinglevers and connections, all revolving with said table, of a stationarychute and stationary cams for opening the gates and for emptying thescale-pans into said chute, substantially as described.

39. The combination of the revolving annular V-shaped hopper, providedwith deliveryopenings having gates, stirrers, and revolving scale-pans,ot'acam and connections For periodi' cally opening said gates, andweighing-levers, reciprocating cut-0ft rods and links, and a cam andconnections for emptying the scale-pans successively, substantially asdescribed.

40. The combination of a table, means for revolving the same, guides oruprights carried by said table, a hopper supported on top of saidguides, gates for said hopper, weighingscales suspended beneath saidhopper, and arr tomatic devices for controlling the position of saidgates, substantially as described.

41. The combination, with a hollow form having a flaring top, of a tableprovided with a mold also having a flaring top, and adapted to receivesaid form flush with the surface of said table, and adelivery-chutehaving a loose shoe resting upon said table, as explained.

42. The combination of the revolving table with molds, forms fastened tosliding rods, and cam for operating said rods, of a delivery-ch utehaving a loose shoe at the bottom resting by its own weight on saidtable, substantially as described.

43. The combination, with molds and packing devices, and gagingapparatus for regulating the charges to be packed, of a chutetorreceiviu g the material from said gaging apparatus and carrying tosaid packing devices, and a gate or valve in said chute, substantiallyas described.

44:. The con'ibination, with a horizontal table, packing devices carriedby said table, and means for revolving the latter, of a receivingtableprovided with a series of recesses, means for moving said table, anddelivery apparatus for carrying the packages into said recesses,substantially as described.

45. The combination, with a table carrying packing devices, of areceiving-table provided with recesses in its periphery, means forsupporting said tables and revolving the same, and a delivery-slidemoving in fixed bearings, substantially as described.

46. A revolving receivingtable provided with recesses on its periphery,in combination with a stationary platform and vertical plate attachedthereto, and surrounding partially the periphery of said table, and adeli very-slide, substantially as described.

47. The combination of the revolving receiving-table having recesses onits periphery with the stationary platform having a portion on one sidecut away, and curved upright plate, substantially as described.

, 48. The combination of the receivingtable provided with recesses,means for revolving said table, delivery-slide, and operating lever,cam, and spring, substantially as described.

49. The combination of a revolving receiving-table, stationary platform,upright curved plate, deliveryslide, and lever, cam, and spring foroperating said slide, substantially as described.

50. The combination, with a mold-table carrying molds and hollow forms,and plungers attached to sliding rods, and dischargers, ofoperating-cams, a ton g-ta-ble carrying a series of bag-holders orspring-tongs, and a receiving-table with recesses and delivery-slide,substantially as described.

51. The combination, with a mold-table carrying molds and hollow forms,and plungers attached to sliding rods, of a ton g-table carryin gbag-holders or spring-ton gs, delivery-ch ute and gaging apparatus forregulating the charges delivered into said forms, substantially asdescribed.

52. The combination, with amold-table and molds, hollow forms, plungers,and silding rods carried by said table, of a ton g-table and bag-holdersor sprin g-ton gs thereon, a delivery chute, and automatic weighing anddelivery scales, substantially as described.

53. The combination of a revolving mold-table, and packing devicescarried by said table, with revolving automatic weighing-scales,revolvin g hopper or supply-receptacle, and stationary chute,substantially as described.

54. A packing-machine comprising a moldtable, hollow forms, form-rods,plungers, plunger-rods, and dischargers, carried by said table, and camsfor operating said rods and dischargers, a tong table with bag holdersor spring-ton gs located thereon, a deliverychute, automatic gaging orweighing apparatus, and a receiving-table with recesses anddeliveryslide, substantially as described.

55. The combination, with the main table, circular racks, molds, forms,plun gers, and sliding rods to which said forms and plungers areattached, of a tong-table and a receiving-table geared to said maintable by means ofsaid rack, and bag-holders carried by said ton g-table,and delivery apparatus connected with the receiving-table, substantiallyas described.

56. The combination, with the main table, means for revolving the same,forms and molds carried by said table, said molds being adapted toreceive said forms, so that the tops of the latter are flush with saidtable, ot'a chute for delivering the charges to said forms, a hingedbracket for supporting the chute, and a spring and stop for holding itin position, substantially as described.

57. The combination, with the main table, means for revolving it, molds,forms, and formrods, carried by said table, and means for operating therods, of a chute, a hinged bracket supporting it, spring and stoptherefor, a valve in the chute, and means, as indicated, for operatin gthe valve by the movement of the chute and hinged bracket, substantiallyas set forth.

58. A packing-machine comprising a bedplate, cams fixed to saidbed-plate, a revolving mold-table, molds, i'orms, plungers, form-rods,plunger-rods, and dischargers, all carried by said table and operatingin connection with said cams, a ton g-table geared to revolve with saidmain table, bag-holders or spring-tongs on said tong-table, a hopper orsupply-receptacle revolving with said mold-table and havingdelivery-openin gs and gates or valves therefor, stationary stirrerswith brushes, pivoted and counterpoiscd scale-pans under said openings,gate-opening devices movable with the hopper and scale-pans, astationary cam for op.- erating said devices, weighing-levers arrangedto be tilted by said scale-pans, pivoted links connected with saidlevers, reciprocating cutoff rods, scale-dumping appliances movable withthe hopper and scale-pans, fixed cam for operating said appliances, astationary chute receiving the charges weighed and conveying the same tothe forms, a stationary cam for forcing down the plungers andplunger-rods, and a receiving-table geared to revolve with said moldtable, and provided with recesses and a delivery-slide, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed this specification in the presence oftwo witnesses.

O. O. GLAWSON.

Witnesses:

W. A. Lone n, J A0013 KLINE.

